Characterization of metallo-beta-lactamase producing pseudomonas aeruginosa in Egypt

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important nosocomial pathogen, commonly causing infections in immunocompromised patients.This study devoted to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of metallo-beta-lactamase [MBL] positive P.aeruginosaisolates recovered from different hospitals belonging to Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Antibiotic susceptibility testing and phenotypic screening MBLs were performed on 122 P.aeruginosa isolates collected in the period from January 2011 till March 2012.PCR was used to search for MBL genes in imipenem-non-susceptible isolates.The resistant rate to imipenem was 39.34% [n=48].The resistance rates for clinical P. aeruginosa isolates to cefuroxime, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, aztreonam and piperacillin/tazobactam were 87.7%, 80.3%, 60.6%, 45.1%, and 25.4% respectively.Out of 48 imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, 67.8% were found to produce MBL upon phenotypic screening for MBLs. VIM-2 was detected in 85% of MBL producingP. aeruginosa.IMP-1 was detected in only oneMBL producingP.aeruginosa

Evaluation of immune response against hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines and their combination

The immunogenicity of both Typhoid Vi polysaccharide and inactivated Hepatitis A vaccines were tested and the immunogenic reflection of each vaccine on the other one in combination was detected. Groups of balb/C mice were immunized with different formulations containing different concentrations of typhoid Vi polysaccharide and hepatitis A vaccines, Four experiments were done a fellows:-Exp. I group I [mice was injected with alum 1mg/ ml], group 2, 3, 4 were immunized with three concentration [25, 12.5.6.25 micro g / ml typhoid [Ty] vaccine respectively. Exp. II groups 5, 6, 7 were immunized with hepatitis A [HA] vaccine with three concentration [400, 200, 100 IU/ ml respectively. Exp. III group 3A was immunized with [25 micro g / ml Ty vaccine], groups 33, 3C, 3D were immunized with combination of typhoid and hepatitis A vaccines [25 micro g / ml Ty +400, 200, 100 IU /ml HA respectively]. Exp. IV group 4A was immunized with [400 IU /ml HA vaccine], groups 43, 4C were immunized with combination of hepatitis A and typhoid vaccines. The results revealed that hepatitis A vaccine has a synergistic effect on the immunogenicity of typhoid Vi vaccine. On the other hand, the immune response against hepatitis A was higher when combined with different concentrations of typhoid vaccine